Data types

Info:

Variables can store data of different types. In Python, you have the following data types by default:

• Text Type:
  • String - for text
    • Strings are text.
    • They are written in "" double coma.
• Number Types:
  • Integer - for NON decimal numbers
    • These are numbers. They can NOT include decimals. For example: 3
  • Floating - for decimal numbers
    • These are numbers too BUT they CAN include decimals. For example: 3.14
  • Complex
• Mapping Type:
  • Dict
• Set Types:
  • set
  • frozenset
• Boolean Type:
  • bool - read Boolean for more info.
• Binary Types:
  • bytes
  • bytearray
  • memoryview
• None Type:
  • NoneType

Getting the Data Type:

You can get the data type of any object by using thetype() function:

x = 5
print(type(x))

This should give an output that gives information about the data type of the variable x:

<class 'int'>

So as you see above, the output tells us that the data type of the x variable's value is an integer.

Setting the Data Type:

In Python, the data type is set when you assing a value to a variable:

Examples:

• x = "Hello World" = str
• x = 20 = int
• x = 20.5 = float
• x = 1j = complex
• x = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] = list
• x = ("apple", "banana", "cherry") = tuple
• x = range(6) = range
• x = {"name" : "John", "age" : 36} = dict
• x = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"} = set
• x = frozenset({"apple", "banana", "cherry"}) = set
• x = True = bool
• x = b"Hello" = bytes
• x = bytearray(5) = bytearray
• x = memoryview(bytes(5)) = memoryview
• x = None = None

You can also set a specific data type:

• x = str("Hello World!") = str
• x = int(20) = int
• x = float(20.5) = float
• x = complex(1j) = complex
• x = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) = list
• x = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) = tuple
• x = range(6) = range
• x = dict("name" : "John", "age" : 36) = dict
• x = set(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) = set
• x = frozenset(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) = frozenset
• x = bool(5) = bool
• x = bytes(5) = bytes
• x = bytearray(5) = bytearray
• x = memoryview(bytes(5)) = memoryview